A Numismatic Treasure Worth Millions: The 1913 Liberty Head nickel is one of the most iconic and mysterious coins in American history. Revered for its rarity and the secrecy surrounding its creation, it has captivated collectors and historians for over a century. With only five known specimens in existence, each with its own remarkable story, the coin’s allure continues to grow. In 2013, the Walton specimen of the 1913 Liberty Head nickel shattered records, selling for over $3 million—an achievement that solidified its status as a numismatic marvel.
This article delves into the fascinating world of the 1913 Liberty Head nickel, exploring its origins, the history of the Walton specimen, and why this coin remains an unmatched treasure in the world of collectibles.
Key Details of the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
| Attribute | Details |
| Year of Minting | 1913 |
| Design | Liberty Head |
| Original Owner | Samuel W. Brown |
| Significant Owners | George O. Walton, Jeff Garrett, Firman Family |
| Auction Price (2013) | $3,172,500 |
| Current Owner | GreatCollections Coin Auctions (2022) |
| Current Location | American Numismatic Association Museum, Colorado Springs |
The Mystery Behind Its Creation
The 1913 Liberty Head nickel occupies a unique place in history due to the mystery of its creation. Official U.S. Mint records show that the Liberty Head nickel design was discontinued in 1912, replaced by the Buffalo nickel in 1913. Despite this, five Liberty Head nickels bearing the 1913 date emerged, leading to questions about their origin.
Historians and numismatists speculate that the coins were struck secretly at the Philadelphia Mint, possibly by an employee who intended to create a collectible rarity. The absence of official authorization only adds to the coin’s mystique, making it one of the most intriguing artifacts in American coinage.
The Walton Specimen: Lost and Found
Among the five known 1913 Liberty Head nickels, the Walton specimen stands out for its dramatic journey. In 1945, George O. Walton, a prominent collector, purchased the coin for $3,750—a significant sum at the time. Tragically, Walton died in a car crash in 1962 while traveling to a coin show. The nickel, recovered from the accident, was mistakenly deemed a counterfeit and stored away in a closet for decades.
The coin’s true nature remained a mystery until 2003, when a nationwide search for the missing fifth 1913 Liberty Head nickel was launched. Walton’s heirs brought the coin forward for evaluation, and experts confirmed its authenticity. This rediscovery reignited interest in the coin, culminating in its record-breaking auction sale in 2013 for $3,172,500.
What Makes the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel So Valuable?
The 1913 Liberty Head nickel owes its extraordinary value to several factors:
- Rarity: With only five coins in existence, its scarcity makes it a coveted prize for collectors.
- Mystery: The circumstances of its creation remain unclear, adding intrigue to its history.
- Historical Significance: The coin represents a unique moment in U.S. Mint history and the transition from one design to another.
- Provenance: Each of the five nickels has a rich backstory, with notable owners and high-profile transactions enhancing their appeal.
- Record Sales: The coin’s consistent ability to fetch millions at auctions solidifies its reputation as a numismatic treasure.
Other Famous 1913 Liberty Head Nickels
While the Walton specimen is among the most famous, the other four specimens have their own fascinating stories:
- Eliasberg Specimen
This coin holds the record for the highest sale price of any 1913 Liberty Head nickel, selling for $4,560,000 in 2018. It was part of Louis Eliasberg’s legendary collection, the only complete set of U.S. coins ever assembled. - Smithsonian Specimen
One of two coins housed in museums, it resides in the National Numismatic Collection at the Smithsonian Institution, ensuring its preservation and public display. - Norweb Specimen
Another museum-held piece, it is displayed alongside the Walton specimen at the American Numismatic Association Museum in Colorado Springs. - McDermott Specimen
Known for its slightly worn appearance, this coin is part of the ANA Museum collection, donated by collector Eric P. Newman.
The Walton Specimen’s Auction Milestones
After its rediscovery in 2003, the Walton specimen became the focus of the numismatic world. In 2013, it was auctioned for $3,172,500, significantly surpassing its estimated value of $2.5 million. This sale was a defining moment, reaffirming the 1913 Liberty Head nickel as one of the most valuable coins ever struck.
The Walton specimen continued its journey through private sales. In 2018, it was sold for a rumored price between $3 million and $4 million. By October 2022, the coin found a new owner in GreatCollections Coin Auctions, which acquired it for $4.2 million. The coin remains on display at the American Numismatic Association Museum, allowing the public to marvel at its rarity and significance.
Why Collectors Are Drawn to the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
Numismatics, the study and collection of coins, thrives on stories like that of the 1913 Liberty Head nickel. For collectors, owning a piece of history is as important as its monetary value. This coin’s combination of rarity, intrigue, and historical importance makes it an unparalleled addition to any collection.
Furthermore, each specimen’s unique history contributes to its allure. From tragic accidents to record-breaking sales, these coins are more than artifacts—they are symbols of human ambition, mystery, and the enduring value of craftsmanship.
FAQs About the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
1. Why is the 1913 Liberty Head nickel so rare?
Only five were ever produced, and they were minted without official authorization, making them unique and highly desirable.
2. How many 1913 Liberty Head nickels exist today?
There are five known specimens: two are held in museums, and three are in private collections.
3. What makes the Walton specimen special?
The Walton specimen was lost for over 40 years and has a dramatic history of rediscovery, authentication, and high-profile sales.
4. Where can the Walton specimen be viewed?
It is currently displayed at the American Numismatic Association Museum in Colorado Springs, Colorado.
5. What was the highest price ever paid for a 1913 Liberty Head nickel?
The Eliasberg specimen sold for a record-breaking $4,560,000 in 2018.
Final Thoughts
The 1913 Liberty Head nickel is not just a coin—it’s a piece of American history wrapped in mystery and drama. Its story of unauthorized minting, high-profile ownership, and astronomical sales has secured its place in the pantheon of numismatic treasures. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or simply fascinated by history, this rare coin offers a glimpse into a world where craftsmanship and intrigue collide.
If this story inspired you, share it with others or dive deeper into the world of rare coins. Who knows—you might discover a numismatic marvel of your own!
